Impact of dynamic pricing on stakeholder's welfare using storage under a Virtual Power Plant operation in Demand Response

Okpako, O., Rajamani, H.-S., Anoh, K. and Nassereddine, M. (2026) Impact of dynamic pricing on stakeholder's welfare using storage under a Virtual Power Plant operation in Demand Response. In: 2026 International Conference on Electrical/ Electronics, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Informatics (ICERAI 2026), 1 - 3 April 2026, American University of Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE.

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Abstract

A major barrier to the deployment of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) with energy storage under Demand Response (DR) programs is the absence of a clear dynamic pricing (DP) framework that simultaneously addresses the objectives of all stakeholders (prosumers, VPP aggregator, and the grid) under a bidirectional energy flow. This work investigates a DP regime for a VPP integrating battery storage, aimed at optimizing stakeholder objectives in the day-ahead market. The UK national rolling demand data are employed to capture the time-varying nature of wholesale electricity prices. A Cumulative Performance Index (CPI) is used to quantify the VPP’s contribution to dynamic load leveling. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is utilized to optimize the transaction of prices and energy exchanges for stakeholders’ welfare maximization. Results show that optimal prices and energy transactions within the DR framework depend strongly on stakeholder objective priorities. The price margin significantly influences the amount of financial rewards received by the stakeholders.

Publication Type: Conference or Workshop Items (Paper)
Uncontrolled Keywords: battery storage, virtual power plant, aggregator, dynamic pricing, demand response
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory
H Social Sciences > HF Commerce
Q Science > QA Mathematics
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Academic Areas > Department of Engineering, Computing and Design
Academic Areas > Department of Engineering, Computing and Design > Computing
Academic Areas > Department of Engineering, Computing and Design > Electrical Engineering
Academic Areas > Department of Engineering, Computing and Design > Mechanical Engineering
Research Entities > Centre for Future Technologies
Event Title: 2026 International Conference on Electrical/ Electronics, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Informatics (ICERAI 2026)
Event Location: American University of Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE
Event Dates: 1 - 3 April 2026
Depositing User: Kelvin Anoh
Date Deposited: 07 Apr 2026 11:06
Last Modified: 07 Apr 2026 11:06
URI: https://eprints.chi.ac.uk/id/eprint/8581

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